The science of material deals with discovering and designing or discovering new materials and how it is done is all related to mixing and combining different types of elements with each other through chemical and physical manipulations and come up with new material with a specific properties of interest. The famous terminologies nano-science and nano-technology we hear everywhere is about the science of material which results in nano-materials. This science deals with the structure of atoms and their associated properties.
The following subject matters in materials science are of importance to know for the FE exam:
Material testing
Metallurgy
Corrosion mechanism